Venue: Hong Kong

Date: 18-19 October

This talk examined how donkeys in contemporary Pakistan symbolize pollution and labour. Drawing on ethnographic research, it explores the dual subjection they face: systematic subjection through state-driven donkey exports for Chinese traditional medicine, and general subjection via routine violence and public contempt. I suggested that intertwined vulnerability of donkeys and their handlers transcend species boundaries, demanding a rethinking of social exclusion and hierarchy in Pakistan.